2014년 12월 7일 일요일

Final draft

Babies learn languages through repeatitive experiences and practices.

Will you marry me? You are my best friend!  All the words and sentences we speak everyday and every time, all the words that we writes on the papers, all the sayings we hear everywhere is natural things for us. We take for granted our language ability and usually do not think about it deeply. If there is no language in our life, people may be equivalent with robots: can not understand common sense, can not express feelings, can not read books, may be no books, no beautiful lyrics, difficult in communications. This human's wonderful ability, it is wonderful how people cook their language that is totally important part of human life. Think of when you are a baby, especially when you could speak language and understand it. Most of people may can not remember then and forgot how they became genius of language. I have a cousin who is three years old. One day my sister was playing with her and she, a little baby, said to my sister "So what?". All family in that place was shocked and my sister asked a baby with surprising "Where did you learn that?' then she replied "From kindergarden." Seeing this, we can know babies influenced by the environment in their language learning. Babies learn language by repetitive practice, not by innate ability.

Many people already know that people learn languages when they were baby. And there are two typical theory about learning languages. First one is being innate theory. Noam Chomskey insists that ability to learn a language is one of independent intellegence of human. Humans genetically be born with the ability of acquiring language and what humans have to acquire after they were born is very subtle things of language. For him, language acquiring is an active processing that when babies are exposed to certain environment, the innate ability to learn a language is invoked and start composing basic principles of the language with analyzing language materials themselves. Also he made a theory that in humans brain, there exists the machenism LAD(Language Acquisition Device) that makes people learn language innately. LAD can help people distinguish the sound and words of language, also can recognize the arrangement of words ans some other grammers. However, the LAD is not a real one, this its the device that Chomsky designed to explain his theory.(Korean psychological Association & naver, 2014) Then how this device is used? Let's take an example. A baby heared the saying, 'I like apple". After hearing a baby learned the expression "I LIKE SOMETHING" but also he or she can learn "I DON'T LIKE SOMETHING" with LAD. So it makes a baby modify the basic sentences. Also babies can acquire native grammer even imperfect language materials are provided. And some more things : they acquire native language irrespective of IQ, easily acquire languages without artificial training.

One more person who says language is innate ability is Lennerberg. He says that humans are born to well adepted in language acquiring and this feature makes only people can acquire language. And both insists that language is acquired in certain period.(Linda Banh, 2006)

In contrast, B.F Skinner insists behaviorism in language acquiring. Human mind is a white board that nothing is written. Behaviorism emphasizes acquired experience and education. And language acquiring is not the thinking process, it is the process of shaping habit, shaped by copy others languages and that languages are repeated. In other words the habit is shaped when the language is repeated. Skinner claims that language is learned by manipulations like other behaviors. Therefore the learner plays a minor role in learning language and parents play a major role for providing reinforcement. So if a baby is the stone, the teacher or parents are sculptors that shape the stone.

These two big theories are the typical ones on language acquiring and there are more theories like cognitivism of Piaget and Vygotsky.(Peggy A. Ertmer and Timothy J. Newby, 2013)

For two theories, some may agree with innate acquiring theory or some may agree with behaviorism. However, do you really think that human's complex and confused language ability is only shaped by innate ability? Without any stimuli, any experience, any practice can it be that complex and confused? As we all know, babies start speaking with very short words, then sentences, then flourish expression. Let's go back to our young baby time. At first, parents teach us mommy and daddy. When these words are accomplished, we learn simple sentences 'I'm 3 years old', 'My name is minji'. Then as we experience everyday, our words become flourish. This is because our language ability is developed gradually, step by step with repetitive experience and practice. My point is that in language acquiring, acquired experiences and practices and manipulations play important role.

Here is an interesting experiment that shows baby's language is influenced by environment. In America, for 2 months-old-babies,they played English and French sentences then counted time when they turn their heads to the sound. The result was that they responded to English a lot quickly than French. This shows that only two months old babies already became sensitive to their native language. This is because that they hear English everyday so they are familiar with native language.

In addition, babies could distinguish similar pronounces. This is the result of the experiment.

This is the result graph of the experiment. Vertical axis represents accuracy and the horizontal axis represents the ages of babies (each of them is 6-8months and 10-12months). And the blue color is data of American babies, the red color is data of Japaness babies.
This is the result graph of the experiment. Vertical axis represents accuracy and the horizontal axis represents the ages of babies (each of them is 6-8months and 10-12months). And the blue color is data of American babies, the red color is data of Japaness babies.


This experiment is progressed by Kuhl and his companies and they studied how American and Japaness babies distinguish pronounces. They experimented with the sound of /r/ and /l/. Interesitngly, at after 6-8month old both two countries' babies could distinguish two sounds. However, at after 10-12months old, American babies became more sensitive to that two sounds but Japaness babies became insensitive to the sounds.

To explane this phenomenone, the behaviorism is necessary. As time goes by they are exposed to certain language environment : American distinguishes pronounce of /r/ and /l/ but Japaness do not have to pay deep attention to the sound of two letters. These different environments extremely influenced in babies' lanugage acquiring.(Kim young jin, 2011)


Think of the people who go to China to learn Chinese or go to America or England to learn English. What do you think peole go to certain country to learn certain language? This shows that people unconsciously notice that the environment is important for learning language. They go abroad to learn other country's language because in there, all they hear, see, can speak is that country's language. In that country, they listen native's speaking and repeat and repeat and repeat it everytime, become the capable person of that language. This not means that learning foreign language in his or her country is not effective. In certian country, there is a better environment for repeatation of certain language, so people can more easily learn language.


If people were born to genius of language like Noam Chomsky said, why they can not reveal that ability in babies? Why they speak nonsense sound first? Also if the lanugage acquiring is innate, why we learn how to read and write in schools? Because the language is acquired with repeatitive experiences, stimuli and practices, people go language study abroad and children learn how to read and wirte in schools.

Although I supported my arguments so far, some still disagree with my arguments. They will say that only with the repetitive practices and experiences can not explain the all saying and words that they babies speak because they do not repeat every words and sentences. However, it has more doubts that how the most important part of the human can be explained by the theory with unproven machenism, LAD? Also, who agrees with Noam Chomsky will say that only changes in the form of the sentences by LAD can explain human's language ability because babies can not experience all sayings that they speak. This is also not persuasive, if the babies have innate ability to change the form of sentences and expressions, why don't they can speak all changed forms of the sentences include long and complex one when they are young(at the age of under the high school)? If the babies have the ability to utilize the languages, they can make long sentences by mixing and connecting two or more sentences, also say complex sentences by changing all elements of the basic one. Why the babies do not do these things? The phenomenone that people speak more complex sentences as time goes by is only explained by the behaviorism language acquiring that needs repetitive practices and experiments.
In addition, Most of the reasons that support innate acquiring is not experimental and hypothetical.

Languages are very important in our lives. Every time and everywhere we can see and hear the languages. We can say we are live in the languages. And because we are living in the langugages, people can develope their languages. When we acquire language for the first time is when we were babies and we have to think about how we became be good at languages. Some says that people are born to be the genius of languages, have innate acquiring ability for language. However, if all the people have innate ability fot lanuguage, all people's level of the language will be same. If all the people are born with the innate ability for language, how people developed the language for a long time. How they could make better languages as time goes by even there no exists better or poor language acquring in the world? So, we need to pay attention to the behaviorism in language acquiring. In the world, there is no work that can be done without practicing. Lnaguage is the same. We learn and practice through trial and error, and therefore we can gain more developed languages as time goes by like Korean. Therefore, language was developed and is developing and will more developed in the future.

*reference
http://www.studymode.com/essays/Question-Language-Acquisition-Lenneberg-Vs-Chomsky-65161795.html
http://navercast.naver.com/contents.nhn?rid=133&contents_id=5874

2014년 12월 4일 목요일

peer review - 20522 주은정

Grade
According to the rubric above, what grade would you give this essay? Why?
-3 points.

How does this essay need to improve to get a better grade?
-I cannot find sorry:) really good!!
(Hmm... little more explanation about third reason?)

Thesis
What is the thesis?
-SNS makes people lonely.

Is the thesis clear and debatable?
-Yes.

If you (The reviewer) wrote this essay, how would you have written the thesis?
-Same as her.

Any other thoughts?
-NO

Classical Argument
Can you easily identify the 5 parts of the classical argument? If no, what parts are missing?
-No, perfect.

Does the introduction catch your attention? Does it comfortably lead to the thesis?
-Yes, it really did.

Does the narration give all the necessary background information to understand the topic?
-Little short, but I think it give all necessary backgrounds.

Does the confirmation adequately support the thesis?
-well supported.

Does the refutation and concession address a realistic counterpoint? Does it adequately dispute the counterpoint, or respond in a reasonable manner?
-Yes.

Does the conclusion summarize the article and address the larger significance of the thesis?
-Yes.

What suggestions do you have for improving the classical argument structure?
-I don't have any.

Persuasion
When you started reading the essay, did you agree or disagree with the thesis?
-Little had doubt.

When you finished the essay, did you agree or disagree with the thesis?
- Agree

If your mind changed, why? What parts of the essay were persuasive?
-She supported the thesis well. Good supports.

How could the author enhance the persuasive parts of their essay?
-Perfect enough.

Research
Is the author using research effectively?
-Yes.

Is the research from appropriate sources?
-Yes.

Are the sources obvious?
-Yes.

Are the pieces of evidence relevant to the thesis or essay?
-Good relevance.

Are there any parts of the essay that need evidence to support the claims?
-Nope.

peer review - 20523최영민

GradeAccording to the rubric above, what grade would you give this essay? Why?
3 points. well constructed and persuasive.

How does this essay need to improve to get a better grade?
-Little more specific refutation.

ThesisWhat is the thesis?
-Football can give positive impacts to society and this is undoubtedly true.

Is the thesis clear and debatable?
-It is clear, but I can not find what the negative impacts of the Football except injury.
(I mean that the thesis is very new to me but I wonder this thesis is debatable.)

If you (The reviewer) wrote this essay, how would you have written the thesis?
-Football ultimately makes society and people happy.

Any other thoughts?
- No. Great.

Classical ArgumentCan you easily identify the 5 parts of the classical argument? If no, what parts are missing?
- Yes.

Does the introduction catch your attention? Does it comfortably lead to the thesis?
-I am one of the person who has not that much interest on the football but his introduction was intersting enough to grab my attention. Also it comfortably lead to the thesis.

Does the narration give all the necessary background information to understand the topic?
-Of course. I had never known that what FIFA does for the people, now I got it.

Does the confirmation adequately support the thesis?
-All the reasons and supportings are agreeable. Made me nodding my head.

Does the refutation and concession address a realistic counterpoint? Does it adequately dispute the counterpoint, or respond in a reasonable manner?
-I don't think. He already mentioned many positive impacts of the football and I want to know why some people do not think like him.

Does the conclusion summarize the article and address the larger significance of the thesis?
-yes.

What suggestions do you have for improving the classical argument structure?
-Nothing.

Persuasion
When you started reading the essay, did you agree or disagree with the thesis?
-Agreed but not much.

When you finished the essay, did you agree or disagree with the thesis?
-Agreed and knew several valid reasons.

If your mind changed, why? What parts of the essay were persuasive?
-The articulation part.

How could the author enhance the persuasive parts of their essay?
-Improve the refutation part. I want to know the opposites opinion more.

Research
Is the author using research effectively?
-Yes.

Is the research from appropriate sources?
-Yes.

Are the sources obvious?
-Yeap.

Are the pieces of evidence relevant to the thesis or essay?
-Strongly.

Are there any parts of the essay that need evidence to support the claims?
-I don't have~

2014년 11월 16일 일요일

second draft

Babies learn languages through repeatitive experiences and practices.

Will you marry me? You are my best freind!  All the words and sentences we speak everyday and everytime, all the words that we writes on the papers, all the sayings we hear everywhere is natural things for us. We take for granted our language ability and usually do not think about it deeply. If there is no language in our life, people may be equivalent with robots: can not understand common sense, can not express feelings, can not read books, may be no books, no beautiful lyrics, difficult in communicaiton. This human's wonderful ability, it is wonderous how people cook their language taht is totally important part of human life. Think of when you are a baby, especially when you could speak language and understand it. Most of people may can not remember then and forgot how they became genius of language. I have a cousin who is three years old. One day my sister was playing with her and she, a little baby, said to my sister "So what?". All family in that place was shocked and my sister asked a baby with surprising "Where did you learn that?' then she replied "From kindergarden." Seeing this, we can know babies influenced by the environment in their language learning. Babies leran language by repetitive practice, not by innate ability.

Many people already know that people learn langugae when they were baby. And there are two typical teory about learning languages. First one is being innate theory. Noam Chomskey insists that ability to learn a language is one of independent intellegences of human. Humans genetically be born with the ability of acquiring language and what humans have to acquire after they were born is very subtle things of language. For him, language acquiring is an active processing that when babies are exposed to certain environment, the innate ability to learn a language is invoked and start composing basic principles of the language with analyzing language materials themselves. Also he made a theory that in humans brain, there exists the machenism LAD(Language Acquisition Device) that makes people learn language innately. LAD can help people distinguish the sound and words of language, also can recognize the arrangement of words ans some other grammers. However, the LAD is not a real one, this tis the device that Chomsky designed to explain his theory. Then how this device is used? Let's take an example. A baby heared the saying, 'I like apple". After hearing a baby learned the expression "I LIKE SOMETHING" but also he or she can learn "I DON'T LIKE SOMETHING" with LAD. So it makes a baby modify the basic sentences. Also babies can acquire native grammer even imperfect language materials are provided. And some more things : they acquire native language irrespective of IQ, easily acquire languages without artificial training.

One more person who says language is innate ability is Lennerberg. He says that humans are born to well adepted in language acquiring and this feature makes only people can acquire language. And both insists that language is acquired in certain period.

In contrast, B.F Skinner insists behaviorism in language acquiring. Human mind is a white board that nothing is written. Behaviorism emphasizes acquired experience and education. And language acquiring is not the thinking process, it is the process of shaping habit, shaped by copy others languages and that languages are repeated. In other words the habit is shaped when the language is repeated. Skinner claims that language is learned by manipulations like other behaviors. Therefore the learner plays a minor role in learning language and parents play a major role for providing reinforcement. So if a baby is the stone, the teacher or parents are sculptors that shape the stone.

These two big theories are the typical ones on language acquiring and there are more theories like cognitivism of Piaget and Vygotsky.

For two theories, some may agree with innate acquiring theory or some may agree with behaviorism. However, do you really think that human's complex and confused language ability is only shaped by innate ability? Without any stimuli, any experience, any practice can it be that coplex and confused? As we all know, babies start speaking with very short words, then sentences, then flourish expression. Let's go back to our young baby time. At first, parents teach us mommy and daddy. When these words are complished, we learn simple sentences 'I'm 3years old', 'My name is minji'. Then as we experience everyday, our words become flourish. This is because our language ability is developed gradually, step by step with repeatitive experience and practice. My point is that in language acquirng, acquired experiences and practices and manipulations play important role.

Here is an interesting experiment that shows baby's language is influenced by environment. In America, for 2 months-old-babies,they played English and French sentences then counted time when they turn their heads to the sound. The result was that they responded to English a lot quickly than French. This shows that only two months old babies already became sensitive to their native language. This is because that they hear English everyday so they are familiar with native language.

In addition, babies could distinguish similar pronounces. This is the result of the experiment.

This is the result graph of the experiment. Vertical axis represents accuracy and the horizontal axis represents the ages of babies (each of them is 6-8months and 10-12months). And the blue color is data of American babies, the red color is data of Japaness babies.
This is the result graph of the experiment. Vertical axis represents accuracy and the horizontal axis represents the ages of babies (each of them is 6-8months and 10-12months). And the blue color is data of American babies, the red color is data of Japaness babies.


This experiment is progressed by Kuhl and his companies and they studied how American and Japaness babies distinguish pronounces. They experimented with the sound of /r/ and /l/. Interesitngly, at after 6-8month old both two countries' babies could distinguish two sounds. However, at after 10-12months old, American babies became more sensitive to that two sounds but Japaness babies became insensitive to the sounds.

To explane this phenomenone, the behaviorism is necessary. As time goes by they are exposed to certain language environment : American distinguishes pronounce of /r/ and /l/ but Japaness do not have to pay deep attention to the sound of two letters. These different environments extremely influenced in babies' lanugage acquiring.



Think of the people who go to China to learn Chinese or go to America or England to learn English. What do you think peole go to certain country to learn certain language? This shows that people unconsciously notice that the environment is important for learning language. They go abroad to learn other country's language because in there, all they hear, see, can speak is that country's language. In that country, they listen native's speaking and repeat and repeat and repeat it everytime, become the capable person of that language. This not means that learning foreign language in his or her country is not effective. In certian country, there is a better environment for repeatation of certain language, so people can more easily learn language.



If people were born to genius of language like Noam Chomsky said, why they can not reveal that ability in babies? Why they speak nonsense sound first? Also if the lanugage acquiring is innate, why we learn how to read and write in schools? Because the language is acquired with repeatitive experiences, stimuli and practices, people go language study abroad and children learn how to read and wirte in schools.

Although my argument is very supported by many people, some still says that people have innate ability to learn a language.
First, the theory may says that babies learn language without manipulations like parents' and teachers' teaching. This argument is ignoring the influence of the society's environment in learning language. According to the theory, babies start to speak language because they have innate ability to do that. This sounds very uncompelling because it is not improved and not an experimental fact. If the language acquiring is innate ability for human, what are those things that people go abroad language study and teach the words mommy and daddy? Some says that they do not especially teach words like mommy and daddy, and the babies started to speak that words. Of course if parents did not teach them specially, they could learn those words because they hear them everytime.

Second, babies changes the sentences with basic structures. This argument also leaves doubt that how can we explain it. We can understand this arugument with behaviorism rather than innate acquiring theory. If the baby learn to speak a simple sentence they can change the sentence because they hear that type of sentence repeatedly so they know how to use that sentence.

Lastly, babies can learn native grammer even if imperfect language material is provided. Even though babies heared not correct grammer, they uses right form of the grammer. This argument is more reasonable than previous two ones. However, who speaks incorrect grammer expression in their native language? Do parents speak ' apple, I like' like this? Even if the incorrect grammer is provided, they do not use it because parents teach it is wrong.

In addition, Most of the reasons that support innate acquiring is not experimental and hypothetical.

Languages are very important in our lives. Everytime and everywhere we can see and hear the languages. We can say we are live in the languages. And because we are living in the lanugages, people can develope their languages. When we acquire language for the first time is when we were babies and we have to think about how we became be good at languages. Some says that people are born to be the genius of languages, have innate acquiring ability for language. However, if all the people have innate ability fot lanuguage, all people's level of the language will be same. If all the people are born with the innate ability for language, how people developed the language for a long time. How they could make better languages as time goes by even there no exists better or poor language acquring in the world? So, we need to pay attention to the behaviorism in language acquiring. In the world, there is no work that can be done without practicing. Lnaguage is the same. We learn and practice through trial and error, and therefore we can gain more developed languages as time goes by like Korean. Therefore, language was developed and is developing and will more developed in the future.

2014년 10월 30일 목요일

self-evaluation

1. what score do you think you deserve?

I think I deserve 2 points.I wrote my first draft well with full elements of the essay.

2. What did you do well?

I suported my arument well. I tried to find good experiments and statistic as many as possibel, and finally I could found the poper one. Also I came up with proper examples so I think the readers can easily undertand what my point is.

3. What cuold you have done better?

I think I have to research more about my argument and more focus on reputation part beacuse the support is not that solid.

4. Which part of the classical argument did you use the best?

My confirmation part is good becase I showed my argument logically with the experiments and good examples.

5. Which part of the classical argument did you use th poorly?

My refutation part was not good because I did not supproted my argument well and solidly against the opposite side.

6. What's your strategy to make your second draft better?

For my perfect second draft, I will work hard on reputation and conclusion. I will research for supporting my argument against the opposite side, and make the conclusion more persuasively with logic. In addition, I will check the connection between each parts of essay and connect it more undertandable.

2014년 10월 26일 일요일

first draft

Babies learn languages through repeatitive experiences and practices.

 Will you marry me? You are my best freind. All the words and sentences we speak everyday and everytime, all the words that we writes on the papers, all the sayings we hear everywhere is natural things for us. We take for granted our language ability and usually do not think about it deeply. If there is no language in our life, people may be equivalent with robots: can not understand common sense, can not express feelings, can not read books, may be no books, no beautiful lyrics, difficult in communicaiton. This human's wonderful ability, it is wonderous how people cook their language taht is totally important part of human life. Think of when you are a baby, especially when you could speak language and understand it. Most of people may can not remember then and forgot how they became genius of language. I have a cousin who is three years old. One day my sister was playing with her and she, a little baby, said to my sister "So what?". All family in that place was shocked and my sister asked a baby with surprising "Where did you learn that?' then she replied "From kindergarden." Seeing this, we can know babies influenced by the environment in their language learning. Babies leran language by repetitive practice, not by innate ability.

Many people already know that people learn langugae when they were baby. And there are two typical teory about learning languages. First one is being innate theory. Noam Chomskey insists that language is one of independent intellegences of human. Humans genetically be born with the ability of acquiring language and what humans have to acquire after they were born is very subtle things of language. For him, language acquiring is an active processing that when babies are exposed to certain environment, the innate ability of language acquiring is invoked and start composing basic principles of the language with analyzing language materials themselves. Also he made a theory that in humans brain, there exists the machenism LAD(Language Acquisition Device) that makes people learn language innately. LAD can help people distinguish the sound and words of language, also can recognize the arrangement of words ans some other grammers. However, the LAD is not a real one, this tis the device that Chomsky designed to explain his theory. Then how this device is used? Let's take an example. A baby heared the saying, 'I like apple". After hearing a baby learned the expression "I LIKE SOMETHING" but also he or she can learn "I DON'T LIKE SOMETHING" with LAD. So it makes a baby modify the basic sentences. Also babies can acquire native grammer even imperfect language materials are provided. And some more things : they acquire native language irrespective of IQ, easily acquire languages without artificial training.
One more person who says language is innate ability is Lennerberg. He says that humans are born to well adepted in language acquiring and this feature makes only people can acquire language. And both insists that language is acquired in certain period.

In contrast, B.F Skinner insists behaviorism in language acquiring. Human mind is a white board that nothing is written. Behaviorism emphasizes acquired experience and education. And language acquiring is not the thinking process, it is the process of shaping habit, shaped by copy others languages and that languages are repeated. In other words the habit is shaped when the language is repeated. Skinner claims that language is learned by manipulations like other behaviors. Therefore the learner plays a minor role in learning language and parents play a major role for providing reinforcement. So if a baby is the stone, the teacher or parents are sculptors that shape the stone.
These two big theories are the typical ones on language acquiring and there are more theories like cognitivism of Piaget and Vygotsky.

For two theories, some may agree with innate acquiring theory or some may agree with behaviorism. However, do you really think that human's complex and confused language ability is only shaped by innate ability? Without any stimuli, any experience, any practice can it be that coplex and confused? As we all know, babies start speaking with very short words, then sentences, then flourish expression. Let's go back to our young baby time. At first, parents teach us mommy and daddy. When these words are complished, we learn simple sentences 'I'm 3years old', 'My name is minji'. Then as we experience everyday, our words become flourish. This is because our language ability is developed gradually, step by step with repeatitive experience and practice. My point is that in language acquirng, acquired experiences and practices and manipulations play important role.

Here is an interesting experiment that shows baby's language is influenced by environment. In America, for 2 months-old-babies,they played English and French sentences then counted time when they turn their heads to the sound. The result was that they responded to English a lot quickly than French. This shows that only two months old babies already became sensitive to their native language. This is because that they hear English everyday so they are familiar with native language.
In addition, babies could distinguish similar pronounces. This is the result of the experiment.

This is the result graph of the experiment. Vertical axis represents accuracy and the horizontal axis represents the ages of babies (each of them is 6-8months and 10-12months). And the blue color is data of American babies, the red color is data of Japaness babies.
This experiment is progressed by Kuhl and his companies and they studied how American and Japaness babies distinguish pronounces. They experimented with the sound of /r/ and /l/. Interesitngly, at after 6-8month old both two countries' babies could distinguish two sounds. However, at after 10-12months old, American babies became more sensitive to that two sounds but Japaness babies became insensitive to the sounds.
To explane this phenomenone, the behaviorism is necessary. As time goes by they are exposed to certain language environment : American distinguishes pronounce of /r/ and /l/ but Japaness do not have to pay deep attention to the sound of two letters. These different environments extremely influenced in babies' lanugage acquiring.

Think of the people who go to China to learn Chinese or go to America or England to learn English. What do you think peole go to certain country to learn certain language? This shows that people unconsciously notice that the environment is important for learning language. They go abroad to learn other country's language because in there, all they hear, see, can speak is that country's language. In that country, they listen native's speaking and repeat and repeat and repeat it everytime, become the capable person of that language. This not means that learning foreign language in his or her country is not effective. In certian country, there is a better environment for repeatation of certain language, so people can more easily learn language.

If people were born to genius of language like Noam Chomsky said, why they can not reveal that ability in babies? Why they speak nonsense sound first? Also if the lanugage acquiring is innate, why we learn how to read and write in schools? Because the language is acquired with repeatitive experiences, stimuli and practices, people go language study abroad and children learn how to read and wirte in schools.

I introduced two opposing theory of language acquiring at first. The theory that I ignored also has its reason about babies are born to genius of the language. Let's talk about that reasons.
First, the theory may says that babies learn language without manipulations like parents' and teachers' teaching. This argument is ignoring the influence of the society's environment in learning language. According to the theory, babies start to speak and read and wirte language because they have innate ability to do that. This sounds very uncompelling because it is not improved and not an experimental fact. If the language acquiring is innate ability for human, what are those things that people go abroad language study and teach the words mommy and daddy? Some says that they do not specially teach words like mommy and daddy, and the babies started to speak that words. Of course if parents did not teach them specially, they could learn those words because they hear them everytime.
Second, babies changes the sentences with basic structures. This argument also leaves doubt that how can we explain it. We can understand this arugument with behaviorism rather than innate acquiring theory. If the baby learn to speak a simple sentence they can change the sentence because they hear that type of sentence repeatedly so they know how to use that sentence.
Lastly, babies can learn native grammer even if imperfect language material is provided. Even though babies heared not correct grammer, they uses right form of the grammer. This argument is more reasonable than previous two ones. However, who speaks incorrect grammer expression in their native language? Do parents speak  ' apple, I like' like this? Even if the incorrect grammer is provided, they do not use it because parents teach it is wrong.
In addition,  Most of the reasons that support innate acquiring is not experimental and hypothetical.

Languages are very important in our lives. Everytime and everywhere we can see and hear the languages. We can say we are live in the languages. And because we are living in the lanugages, people can develope their languages. When we acquire language for the first time is when we were babies and we have to think about how we became be good at languages. Some says that people are born to be the genius of languages, have innate acquiring ability for language. However, if all the people have innate ability fot lanuguage, all people's level of the language will be same. If all the people are born with the innate ability for language, how people developed the language for a long time. How they could make better languages as time goes by even there no exists better or poor language acquring in the world? So, we need to pay attention to the behaviorism in language acquiring. In the world, there is no work that can be done without practicing. Lnaguage is the same. We learn and practice through trial and error, and therefore we can gain more developed languages as time goes by like Korean. Therefore, language was developed and is developing and will more developed in the future.

first draft - conclusion


Languages are very important in our lives. Everytime and everywhere we can see and hear the languages. We can say we are live in the languages. And because we are living in the lanugages, people can develope their languages. When we acquire language for the first time is when we were babies and we have to think about how we became be good at languages. Some says that people are born to be the genius of languages, have innate acquiring ability for language. However, if all the people have innate ability fot lanuguage, all people's level of the language will be same. If all the people are born with the innate ability for language, how people developed the language for a long time. How they could make better languages as time goes by even there no exists better or poor language acquring in the world? So, we need to pay attention to the behaviorism in language acquiring. In the world, there is no work that can be done without practicing. Lnaguage is the same. We learn and practice through trial and error, and therefore we can gain more developed languages as time goes by like Korean. Therefore, language was developed and is developing and will more developed in the future.

first draft - refutation and concession


1. What is my thesis?
Babies learn language by repeatitive experience and practice.

2. What is the opposite position?
People are born with innate language acquiring ability.

3. What arguments can I anticipate?
a)Babies learn language without manipulaions b)Babies changes the sentences with basic structures.
c)Babies can learn native grammer even if imperfect language material is provided.

4. How will I counter those arguments?
a)This argument ignores the influence of the environment of society.
b)This is done by repeatation
c)They learn unnecessary grammers by repeatation and do not use that.

I introduced two opposing theory of language acquiring at first. The theory that I ignored also has its reason about babies are born to genius of the language. Let's talk about that reasons.
First, the theory may says that babies learn language without manipulations like parents' and teachers' teaching. This argument is ignoring the influence of the society's environment in learning language. According to the theory, babies start to speak and read and wirte language because they have innate ability to do that. This sounds very uncompelling because it is not improved and not an experimental fact. If the language acquiring is innate ability for human, what are those things that people go abroad language study and teach the words mommy and daddy? Some says that they do not specially teach words like mommy and daddy, and the babies started to speak that words. Of course if parents did not teach them specially, they could learn those words because they hear them everytime.
Second, babies changes the sentences with basic structures. This argument also leaves doubt that how can we explain it. We can understand this arugument with behaviorism rather than innate acquiring theory. If the baby learn to speak a simple sentence they can change the sentence because they hear that type of sentence repeatedly so they know how to use that sentence.
Lastly, babies can learn native grammer even if imperfect language material is provided. Even though babies heared not correct grammer, they uses right form of the grammer. This argument is more reasonable than previous two ones. However, who speaks incorrect grammer expression in their native language? Do parents speak  ' apple, I like' like this? Even if the incorrect grammer is provided, they do not use it because parents teach it is wrong.
In addition,  Most of the reasons that support innate acquiring is not experimental and hypothetical.

first draft - confirmation

1. What is my thesis?
Although some says that language is innate ability, but language acquiring is shaped by repeatitive practice and experience.

2. What types of source am I using to defend my thesis?
I will use expert's opinion and experiments.3. Are my arguments mostly based on evidence, logic or emotion?
My arguments are mostly based on evidence and some logic.

http://navercast.naver.com/contents.nhn?rid=133&contents_id=5874

My confirmation

For two theories, some may agree with innate acquiring theory or some may agree with behaviorism. However, do you really think that human's complex and confused language ability is only shaped by innate ability? Without any stimuli, any experience, any practice can it be that coplex and confused? As we all know, babies start speaking with very short words, then sentences, then flourish expression. Let's go back to our young baby time. At first, parents teach us mommy and daddy. When these words are complished, we learn simple sentences 'I'm 3years old', 'My name is minji'. Then as we experience everyday, our words become flourish. This is because our language ability is developed gradually, step by step with repeatitive experience and practice. My point is that in language acquirng, acquired experiences and practices and manipulations play important role.

Here is an interesting experiment that shows baby's language is influenced by environment. In America, for 2 months-old-babies,they played English and French sentences then counted time when they turn their heads to the sound. The result was that they responded to English a lot quickly than French. This shows that only two months old babies already became sensitive to their native language. This is because that they hear English everyday so they are familiar with native language.
In addition, babies could distinguish similar pronounces. This is the result of the experiment.

This is the result graph of the experiment. Vertical axis represents accuracy and the horizontal axis represents the ages of babies (each of them is 6-8months and 10-12months). And the blue color is data of American babies, the red color is data of Japaness babies.
This experiment is progressed by Kuhl and his companies and they studied how American and Japaness babies distinguish pronounces. They experimented with the sound of /r/ and /l/. Interesitngly, at after 6-8month old both two countries' babies could distinguish two sounds. However, at after 10-12months old, American babies became more sensitive to that two sounds but Japaness babies became insensitive to the sounds.
To explane this phenomenone, the behaviorism is necessary. As time goes by they are exposed to certain language environment : American distinguishes pronounce of /r/ and /l/ but Japaness do not have to pay deep attention to the sound of two letters. These different environments extremely influenced in babies' lanugage acquiring.

Think of the people who go to China to learn Chinese or go to America or England to learn English. What do you think peole go to certain country to learn certain language? This shows that people unconsciously notice that the environment is important for learning language. They go abroad to learn other country's language because in there, all they hear, see, can speak is that country's language. In that country, they listen native's speaking and repeat and repeat and repeat it everytime, become the capable person of that language. This not means that learning foreign language in his or her country is not effective. In certian country, there is a better environment for repeatation of certain language, so people can more easily learn language.

If people were born to genius of language like Noam Chomsky said, why they can not reveal that ability in babies? Why they speak nonsense sound first? Also if the lanugage acquiring is innate, why we learn how to read and write in schools? Because the language is acquired with repeatitive experiences, stimuli and practices, people go language study abroad and children learn how to read and wirte in schools.

first draft - narration

My persuasive argument thesis is: Babies learn languages by repetitive practice.
 
1. What do people already know about my topic?
 Everyone knows that all people learn their language in their babyhood. Also the steps of speaking
language : at first, they says nonsenses like woo, ang, ow and so on. Next, easy words like mommy, daddy. Then simple sentences like 'give me', 'noway'. Finally complex expressions.
 
2. What research has already been done about my topic?
http://lwbooks201.blog.me/30176583036 - Noam Chomsky's innate language acquiring theory and explanation of LAD
http://blog.naver.com/kimkm421/140127900036, http://cafe.naver.com/eirenestory/37 - explanation and problems about two position of language acquiring
 
3. What are the implications of my argument (What if I'm right? What if I'm right and people ignore me?)
Humans will be more do hard fo their babies' language. More effort for babies' language and people's language ability will more developed than before. If people ignore me, people can not develop their language . Repetitive practice is the most improtant part of developing language. With innate ability, they must have limitations on developing their language abilities.
 
My Narration

 Many people already know that people learn langugae when they were baby. And there are two typical teory about learning languages. First one is being innate theory. Noam Chomskey insists that language is one of independent intellegences of human. Humans genetically be born with the ability of acquiring language and what humans have to acquire after they were born is very subtle things of language. For him, language acquiring is an active processing that when babies are exposed to certain environment, the innate ability of language acquiring is invoked and start composing basic principles of the language with analyzing language materials themselves. Also he made a theory that in humans brain, there exists the machenism LAD(Language Acquisition Device) that makes people learn language innately. LAD can help people distinguish the sound and words of language, also can recognize the arrangement of words ans some other grammers. However, the LAD is not a real one, this tis the device that Chomsky designed to explain his theory. Then how this device is used? Let's take an example. A baby heared the saying, 'I like apple". After hearing a baby learned the expression "I LIKE SOMETHING" but also he or she can learn "I DON'T LIKE SOMETHING" with LAD. So it makes a baby modify the basic sentences. Also babies can acquire native grammer even imperfect language materials are provided. And some more things : they acquire native language irrespective of IQ, easily acquire languages without artificial training.
One more person who says language is innate ability is Lennerberg. He says that humans are born to well adepted in language acquiring and this feature makes only people can acquire language. And both insists that language is acquired in certain period.

In contrast, B.F Skinner insists behaviorism in language acquiring. Human mind is a white board that nothing is written. Behaviorism emphasizes acquired experience and education. And language acquiring is not the thinking process, it is the process of shaping habit, shaped by copy others languages and that languages are repeated. In other words the habit is shaped when the language is repeated. Skinner claims that language is learned by manipulations like other behaviors. Therefore the learner plays a minor role in learning language and parents play a major role for providing reinforcement. So if a baby is the stone, the teacher or parents are sculptors that shape the stone.
These two big theories are the typical ones on language acquiring and there are more theories like cognitivism of Piaget and Vygotsky.

2014년 10월 25일 토요일

first draft -Introduction


 Will you marry me? You are my best freind. All the words and sentences we speak everyday and everytime, all the words that we writes on the papers, all the sayings we hear everywhere is natural things for us. We take for granted our language ability and usually do not think about it deeply. If there is no language in our life, people may be equivalent with robots: can not understand common sense, can not express feelings, can not read books, may be no books, no beautiful lyrics, difficult in communicaiton. This human's wonderful ability, it is wonderous how people cook their language taht is totally important part of human life. Think of when you are a baby, especially when you could speak language and understand it. Most of people may can not remember then and forgot how they became genius of language. I have a cousin who is three years old. One day my sister was playing with her and she, a little baby, said to my sister "So what?". All family in that place was shocked and my sister asked a baby with surprising "Where did you learn that?' then she replied "From kindergarden." Seeing this, we can know babies influenced by the environment in their language learning. Babies leran language by repetitive practice, not by innate ability.

2014년 10월 9일 목요일

3rd week's object (articulation)


1. My arguement

My arguement for the essay is 'Babies learn language by repetitive learning.'
People can speak their native language when they are babies because they listen it everyday, everytime. Some says that they learn languages with innate ability for acquiring language but I think this argument has weak support.

2. How I found my arguement

At first time I wondered about babies language speaking and in turn came to think about how they becmae speak their mother tongue.
I started to find arguments about babies's language acquiring then I find two adversial arguments.
First one is behaviorism language acquiring theory. It says that babies learn language by repetitive learning and experience.
Another one is Noam chomsky's theory that all babies are born to the genius of language.

3. New research questions
More support about my arguement.
* Why repetitive laearning and experience is important in language acquiring?
* What is definition of the word 'learning'?
* Up to what age we can call them babies?

4. Connections to the Harvard smapler?

Harvard sampler admiring humans for our wonderous ability. This argument is related to one of the human's ability, language, and this can explain how humans become having that ability.

2014년 9월 25일 목요일

research

Noam Chomsky 언어습득장치




Behaviorism scholar

People study languages by repetitive learning and experience.
Language is an acting of language. So the language is developed by acting that parents' fix their babies' language mistake. Skinner(1957) thought that children tries to speak more standard language through their parents' compliment that enforce their children's language ability.

Noam Chomsky (linguist)

Every babies are born to be a genius of language.
Every people have LAD (Language Acquisition Device) that makes people learn language innately.
Through this machenism, they can distinguish the sound and words of language, also can recognize the arrangement of words and some other grammers.
This LAD is not the real one, this is the device that Chomsky designed to explain his theory.
Also he said there exist UG (Universal Grammer) in all people innately and with UG people can innately acquiring the language not learning.
The innate ability of language develops until 12years old.


2nd week's object(research proposal)

What is my current topic?

 *Currently I wonder how people learn languages. All people learn native language when they are baby, I want to figure out how they so. I will research various thoughts about how people learn language and choose one thought that is similar with mine. That will be my topic of the persuasive essay.

What are my guiding questions?

 *Babies' learning language is innate or acquired? What is the my definition about innate language learning ability and acquired learning language ability? When they can recognize the structure, pattern, rules of language? If their learning language ability is not innate, then what is the most crucial thing for learning languages? What supports can improve the arguments?

 What are my current thoughts?

*I think before people speak perfect language they learn it naturally. Babies hear parents' or someone's speaking and try to copy them. So my point is that babies learn language by teaching. Adn I think there will be some opposite opinion and I will search for it.

2014년 9월 18일 목요일

1st week's object (brainstorming)

human brain - remember, movement, language, recollection...... : seclect language language - native language, foreign language speaking language - babies baby's language - copying adults? acquiring innately?